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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

山东东营：党建聚人心幸福来敲门******

　　“以前想看医生，得先到医院挂号排队。自从社区安装了远程诊疗系统，我就不用经常跑医院了，有问题，点点屏幕就能找到医生在线问诊拿药！”年近七旬的山东东营玉景社区居民王斌指着“一键呼叫”系统说。

　　玉景社区是胜利油田办社会职能剥离后成立的油地融合城市社区，投资380万元建成的智慧居家养老平台惠及1600余名老年人，新建的老年家餐厅、理疗室、图书室等设施已成为老年人的幸福家园……这是东营区强化党建引领社区治理，构建“油城e家·幸福家园”治理体系，推动城市基层治理“活起来”的缩影。

　　基层治理工作千头万绪，群众需求各不相同，有了矛盾怎么解决、在哪里解决？东营区组建专门委员会统揽城市基层治理所有事项，解决了“九龙治水”多头调度问题，优化了66项街道属地管理事项清单，下放综合执法等7支队伍由街道统管，为街道、社区减负扩权赋能，激活了城市基层治理的“神经末梢”。

　　“加装电梯‘六步法’现在还在社区白板上写着呢！”辛店街道胜凯社区居民张广平难掩兴奋。张广平是胜利采油厂退休职工、“暖心向阳”志愿服务队副队长，他主动申领了小区加装电梯“总管”一职，最终促成电梯成功安装，形成了张师傅加装电梯“六步法”，张广平还因此被社区纳入“新能人”人才库。

　　像张广平一样，在东营区一大批有能力、有威望、有公心、有热情的党员群众参与到社区治理和服务群众中来。干部职工下一线、服务资源到基层、幸福满意进万家，油地选派4000余名党员干部职工，吸收2449名党员和居民参与，常态化定格在小区、楼栋，平时志愿服务，急时社区统筹，“平时之功”转化为居民自治的“应急之力”。同时，推动以城带乡、城乡互助，65个城市社区党组织与195个行政村党组织结对共建，已开展农特产品进城、暖心服务下乡等共建联动活动80余次。

　　李金贵不仅是一名快递员，还担任文汇街道商隆社区新就业群体“流动网格员”。在东营区这样的“流动网格员”已超过6000名。东营区打造新就业群体党群服务中心，精准实施关爱、培训、服务等一系列项目，全面提升新就业群体的幸福感、归属感。同时，新就业群体主动参与社区“1+n结对联系”“8+5治理清单”等活动，成为基层社区治理的“信息收集员”“政策宣传员”“文明示范员”……

　　用好社会联动同治力量，东营区着眼党组织号召、组团式服务，发动爱心企业、爱心商家、党外人士、新就业群体等力量参与城市治理，平时互联互通、急时“一键切换”。该区还成立区级社区治理发展基金，回馈参与基层治理的新力量，2022年以来，已有160名民营企业家、457名党外人士参与社区志愿服务。

　　拥有737户、2132名居民的东方银座花园是当地最早开发建设的商住一体型住宅小区之一。小区基础设施年久失修，群众意见很大。2022年，社区党支部牵头梳理出小区用房、电梯、道闸等公共收益金约23万元，同时撬动小区治理资金100万元，实施了主路改造、喷泉维修、大门维修、图书角建设等系列改造工程，赢得了群众的支持。

　　东营区各社区还积极与驻地单位签订共建协议，通过共同开展活动、定期召开联席会议、共同商议破解难题等方式，整合盘活阵地、文化、服务、信息等资源，协调各方为群众办实事、解难题，打通服务群众的“最后一米”。该区还建立了“群众幸福满意标准体系”，通过制定幸福社区、幸福小区、幸福楼道评选细则，动态评定、激发活力，让幸福感无处不在、满意度不断跃升。

　　光明日报记者赵秋丽光明日报通讯员刘智峰周强

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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